Q47 - Day versus Night Pollinator Contributions to Goldenrod Seed Set

Theoretical 1 Real exam question - full text reproduced under IBO's CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license

An experiment was conducted to examine the relative effect of pollinators during the night and in the daytime on the reproductive success of golden rod flowers. Pollinators cannot visit the bagged flowers. The figure shows the number of viable seeds produced (mean +/- standard deviation) by flowers that were not bagged (1), those bagged during the night (2), those bagged in the daytime (3), those bagged during both day and night (4), and those that underwent enforced pollination by an experimenter (5).

Figure 1. Figure 1.

Using the information and data, determine which of the statements are true or which are false.

A. Nighttime pollinators contribute to about 60% of the total seed production.

B. The flowers may be capable of self-pollination.

C. The contribution of daytime pollinators has a greater variability than nighttime pollinators.

D. There are no limitations to pollination under natural conditions.

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Question reproduced from IBO 2020, Theoretical Exam 1, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 - attributed to the International Biology Olympiad. Open the full exam PDF · Community solutions (unofficial)