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← Theoretical 1

Q31 — Retina Cell Layers — Direction of Light and Cell Types

Theoretical 1 Real exam question — full text reproduced under IBO's CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license
Human Sensory Organs

The diagram below shows cell layers in the healthy human retina. By carefully observing the diagram, determine whether the following statements are true or false.

Diagram of retina cell layers 1-5, with an arrow showing the direction of incoming light. Retina cell layers, numbered 1–5 in the direction light travels through the tissue.

Using the information and figure, determine whether the following statements are true or false:

A. The first layer of cells through which light passes belongs to type 1. These cells are the photoreceptors.
B. Cells of type 4 have the lowest threshold of light sensitivity.
C. Cells of type 2 are always depolarized if the light is present.
D. Cells of type 2 and 3 communicate via electrical synapses.
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Question reproduced from IBO 2022, Theoretical Paper 1, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — attributed to the International Biology Olympiad. Open the full exam PDF · Community solutions (unofficial)